Making policy has traditionally been seen as Whitehall’s main function. Yet, despite over a
decade of sustained efforts to improve policy making, civil servants, politicians and academics
continue to express concerns about the way policy is made, and whether it is ready to meet
future challenges. These concerns need to be taken seriously. The strength of policy making is
integral to the strength of government as a whole, and that of the country at large. When
policies fail, the costs (whether monetary or otherwise) can be significant.
There would be a compelling case for studying policy making even if Whitehall could look
forward to a period of stability. Clearly, this is not the case. Departmental administration
budgets are being cut by an average of 33% over four years, and the Prime Minister has
promised “a total change in the way our country is run”.
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The Institute’s approach
In the face of these challenges, policy
making will need to change – both in its function and its organisation. The Institute’s Better
Policy Making theme aims to show how this can be done.
African Americans still faced discrimination. Many white people did not like the idea of the African Americans being freed. Most of the former slaves, grandfathers and their grandkids, would sit down together to learn how to become literate. However, most white teachers did not want to teacher them. So the African American teachers had to teach A LOT of people.
<u>Answer:</u>
<em>Millard Fillmore, James Buchanan and Franklin pierce were considered as worst presidents of America during the period of 1850 to 1860. </em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
<em>Fillmore is the thirteen American president. </em>Fillmore’s actions had turn into a national crises and delay in the outbreak of the civil war, though it brought peace that was unfair. After two decades <em>New York Times </em>declared that misfortune to see in <em>slavery a political</em> and not a moral question. This made Fillmore a worst American president.
<em>Franklin pierce is 14th American president. </em>Pierce preferred to conquer Cuba but his enemies distrust addition of new slave state, his enemies came to know the plan before, therefore rejected conquering Cuba. This made <em>Pierce a worst American president.</em>
<em>James Buchanan 15th American president. </em>James presidency was perforated with many troubles the he was unable to reduce. The decision by James in 1870 was to include small farmers would distress the political balance of slave states and free states. This made <em>James a worst American president.</em>
After Valley Forge the Continental Army was better trained, with a new spirit of unity is true.
<u>Explanation:</u>
After defeated by the British also losing their capital Philadelphia America's General George Washington made his men get trained at Valley Forge. Valley Forge was a military encampment center that took place during the winter of 1777-78.
The American army men were trained in that frost and snow. Even some of the men's families have also stayed with them. They built huts to live. Yet they lacked supplies like food, blankets, dress and even shoes.
The men were marched shoe less and trained naked in those snow. But this hard training led them to win their land back to them later.
B Cities grew faster do to the industrial revolution,farm hands,immigrants and families moved to the city’s in hope of work
