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ivann1987 [24]
3 years ago
6

Why did abortion become a central consideration in the appointment of the surpreme court justices?

History
1 answer:
Grace [21]3 years ago
6 0

Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of abortion. It was decided simultaneously with a companion case, Doe v. Bolton. The Court ruled 7–2 that a right to privacyunder the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that this right must be balanced against the state's interests in regulating abortions: protecting women's health and protecting the potentiality of human life.[1] Arguing that these state interests became stronger over the course of a pregnancy, the Court resolved this balancing test by tying state regulation of abortion to the third trimester of pregnancy.

Later, in Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), the Court rejected Roe's trimester framework while affirming its central holding that a woman has a right to abortion until fetal viability.[2] The Roe decision defined "viable" as "potentially able to live outside the mother's womb, albeit with artificial aid."[3] Justices in Casey acknowledged that viability may occur at 23 or 24 weeks, or sometimes even earlier, in light of medical advances.[4]

In disallowing many state and federal restrictions on abortion in the United States,[5][6] Roe v. Wade prompted a national debate that continues today about issues including whether, and to what extent, abortion should be legal, who should decide the legality of abortion, what methods the Supreme Court should use in constitutional adjudication, and what the role should be of religious and moral views in the political sphere. Roe v. Wade reshaped national politics, dividing much of the United States into pro-abortion and anti-abortion camps, while activating grassroots movements on both sides.

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Following the radical French Revolution of 1789, First Consul of France Napoleon Bonaparte launched a series of military campaigns aimed at expanding the French Empire known as the Napoleonic Wars. The wars were largely successful for the French army until the overzealous French general attempted an attack on the Russian Empire, resulting in his army's defeat and Napoleon's exile to the island of Elba. His exile however proved ineffective, and Napoleon returned to the French throne and attempted further armed conflict in the continent. This time, Napoleon's forces were easily overwhelmed, and Napoleon was exiled to the remote island of St. Helena, where he would reside until his death in 1821. Meanwhile, as a result of the aggressive expansionist French campaigns, the Great Powers of Europe, which at the time was comprised of Great Britain, Austria, Russia, Prussia, and France, held the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815 headed by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich to debate how Europe was to be reformed and how France was to be punished for its aggression. The Congress' first objective was to ratify the previously drafted Treaty of Chaumont, which forced France to cede any territory gained in the Napoleonic Wars and pledged each nation's army to resist and extinguish any continued French aggression. The second and more delicate objective of the Congress of Vienna was to size and reshape national boundaries in continental Europe in order to balance the Great Powers of Europe, using Northern Italy, Poland, and a series of small German states as a sort of neutralizing buffer between Austria, Prussia, and Russia. The ultimate result of the Congress of Vienna was the Concert of Europe—the framework for European international policy until the outbreak of World War I in 1914


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