The risks and challenges associated with performing so many hypothesis tests nearly all null hypotheses are false on a priori grounds.
A hypothesis is a supposition, an idea put forward for the purpose of discussion, that can be tested to see if it is true. Hypotheses are formed before the is implemented.
Hypotheses are usually written as if/then statements. B. If someone eats a lot of sugar, they will get cavities in their teeth. These statements identify a particular variable (in this case, eating a lot of sugar) and imply an outcome (in this case, the tooth develops cavities).
Hypotheses are used to define the relationship between two variables in an experiment. The purpose of a hypothesis is to find an answer to a question. Formalized hypotheses make us think about what kind of results we should be looking for in our experiments. The first variable is called the independent variable.
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Answer:
![STC = 20K + 25L = 20*5 + 25*[\frac{Q^2}{25}] = 100 + Q^2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20STC%20%3D%2020K%20%2B%2025L%20%3D%2020%2A5%20%2B%2025%2A%5B%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7B25%7D%5D%20%3D%20100%20%2B%20Q%5E2%20)
Explanation:
We are given:
K units of capital and L units of labor.
•Each unit of capital cost = 20
• Each unit of labor cost =25
• Level K is fixed at 5 units
We are told production function Q = K√L
Using the production functions and the values given, we can get that Q=5√L.
To find Q, the amount of labor will be given as:

Therefore, the Short run total cost function (STC) will be:
![20K + 25L = 20*5 + 25[\frac{Q^2}{25}] = 100 + Q^2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%2020K%20%2B%2025L%20%3D%2020%2A5%20%2B%2025%5B%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7B25%7D%5D%20%3D%20100%20%2B%20Q%5E2%20)
Answer:
A.overstate; substitution
Explanation:
Consumer Price Index (CPI): is a measure that examines the weighted average of prices of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, food, and medical care. It is calculated by taking the average of the price changes for each item in the predetermined goods. Changes in the CPI are used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living therefore the CPI is used economist for identifying periods of inflation or deflation.
when we say the CPI overstate inflation; it is because of:
Substitution bias (when the price of a product in the consumer basket increases substantially, consumers tend to substitute lower-priced alternatives; Therefore, it tends to overstate inflation due to a lack of accountability
) and;
Quality bias (over time, technological advances increase the life and usefulness of products).
Answer:
systematic risk ,diversifiable risk
Explanation:
risk premium is the investment return demanded by an investor for buying a risky assets that an investment is anticipated to deliver it reward to those who are willing to take higher risk than investors who prefer risk free investment.
systematic risk when economic treds influence assets and the market in similr way than investment risk for similr assets are corellated Systematic risk cannot be diversified away. Non-systematic risk, or the risk unique to each individual security, meanwhile, can be mitigated through diversification.
conclusion: both the sytematic and nom systematic risk are the influencing factor of the risk premium while sytematic risk is not influenced by market but diversfiable risk are influenced by market .
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