Answer:
false
Explanation:
"Empirical" means "based on observation or experience," according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Empirical research is the process of finding empirical evidence. If there are flaws in the way that empirical data is collected, the research will not be considered valid.
1.), missing links
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Do u have snap bc there’s a gc where we help each other with work if u need it
Answer:
1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).
2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).
Explanation:
In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.
<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser
<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro <em>Val</em> Glu Lys Ser
When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.
The mosaic nature is due to the numerous proteins that
are entrenched in the phospholipids bilayer, fluctuate in shape, size and
patterns in the same way as the stones or tiles of a mosaic.
the flexibility is due to individual phospholipids molecules which can move virtual
to one another and gives the membrane a flexible structure that is constantly
changing shape
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