Central Siberian Plateau this is because of the subarctic climate (really cold and extreme) and the ground is often frozen.
It's a dry northeastern wind on the West coast of Africa
a. the mantle
according to natgeo, "the mantle is the mostly-solid bulk of earth's interior. the mantle lies between earth's dense, super-heated core and its thin outer layer, the crust. the mantle is about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) thick, and makes up a whopping 84% of earth's total volume."
