It’s North
While the Northern states needed immigrants, freemen, to create and work in the tens of thousands of small farms as well as the city and town jobs (factories that employed a thousand or more workers were far more common then and many towns had factories with several hundred employees) so while there was substantial anti-immigrant politicking by the nativist movement, in general far more newcomers came in to the North.
The following heads of government or heads of state formally suspended provisions of the country's constitution while in office.
1.) They had the French on their side.
2.) Guerilla Warfare.
Guerilla Warfare is a sort of petty type of combat - they ambush, use sneak attacks, etc.
