Answer:
Parent loans, taken out by a parent, relative, or another creditworthy individual (not the student) are another way to help you pay for college. Private student loans are typically issued by a bank or financial institution, (as opposed to federal student loans, which are offered by the government).
A big change was Germany forming out of Austria, Hungary, Prussia & other small nations forming the country we know today as Germany. United KIngdom owns ireland & Scottland. Some Russian land is broken into smaller nations as well.