B. Member nations had to defend other members if they were attacked
B: Japan
Explanation:
I just found this out today! The P5 (Permanent 5 members) of the United Nations Security Council are the United States, the Russian Federation (Russia), China, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and France. Japan is not a permanent member.
Your answer for the blank is <span> both Wolfe and Montcalm.</span>
B.The Catholic Church’s ability to influence European politics declined.
<span>the Protestant Reformation change governments in Western Europe because many governments that were under the influence of the Catholic church become more secularized, with a consequent reduction in the ability of the church to influence European politics on many levels. In some country, the church lost all its influence, following the decision of such nations to become official protestant. </span>