The interactions between DNA and protein can be specific and non-specific based sequence of nucleotides and binding interactions. The functional groups in proteins and the backbone of DNA made up of sugar and phosphate forms different types of bond. These proteins –DNA interactions are strong and are primarily of three types –
a) Hydrogen bond , generally mediated by water molecule
b) Ionic bonds producing salt bridges and
c) Other minor forces such as van der Waals force etc.
The DNA is the genetic material of almost all the living organisms but in case of some viruses RNA acts as the genetic material. The DNA requires the binding of proteins and factors for the proper functioning of the cellular system.
The DNA and protein interaction is bounded by non covalent interactions as these interactions are not permanent in nature. The non covalent interaction include the hydrogen bonding, vander walls and ionic interaction. The covalent interaction is the strongest interaction present in nature.
