As with most locations for settlements in any civilization the key factor is settlements were located in the lowlands where the land was fertile and could be farmed. Geography is very important when a site is picked for settlement. The site must be able to support human activity.
The critical World War I battles were fought primarily along the trench lines of France and Belgium.
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The monarchs had used their wealth to fund expeditions for explorers. The explorers would’ve worked for them in exchange for expedition fund or to at least acquire a better chance at being funded.
