I think it was nationalism.
The Townshend Acts were four laws which include The suspending act, Revenue act, The indemnity act and the Commissioners of customs act. These laws enacted by the British Parliament imposed and enforced the collection of taxes on the American colonies.
Explanation:
British incurred huge war debts after the completed of seven years war and hence in order to pay the war debts, the crown decided to pressurize the American colonies with heavy taxes based on the advise given by Charles Townshend.
One such act is the suspending act which banned the New York colony Assembly from conducting business until it agreed to pay for the housing, meals, and other expenses of British troops stationed there under the Quartering Act. Quartering act imposes that the colonies have to take care of the boarding and lodging facilities of the British soldiers, if their troops are stationed in the respective colonies.
<span>Thomas Jefferson reduced government spending by
</span>cutting the debt
Benjamin Franklin feared that if the colonists did not unite to repel the French and Indians, then the colonies would be forever "split," since the French would take more and more land to the east, along the coast.
