You didn’t provide examples, or answers to choose from.
One of the biggest historical events leading to the formation of the US government was Enlightenment ideas stemming from Europe. The writings of Montesquieu and Locke were particularly important to how the US was framed as a system of branches and individual freedoms. The goal was to give states power to make decisions individual to their people and region and keep larger matters like war, debt, taxes, etc. to the federal government. The initial amendments in the Constitution referred to as the Bill of Rights addressed specific issues the American people dealt with under British rule. For example, amendment 4 addresses the quartering of soldiers the colonists were required to do following the French and Indian War. The 10th amendment specifically gives rights to the states if it is not explicitly addressed in the Constitution for the federal government. This was to prevent a monarchy and/or dictatorship in the future. <span />
They were awarded based on the spoils system
The spoils system was the idea that the victor takes the spoils of war, that is, the person who won the presidency can fire all employees that don't support him and put his own people into positions of power in federal agencies and organizations. After that, the merit system was introduced that ended this corrupt practice.
