A hanging valley can be formed when the lower valley has a greater rate of erosion. This can be cause by 2 glacier flows, one feeding the other. This may also be caused by a greater flow of water in the lower valley or soft rock layers that erode more quickly.
Sea wall is the structure that is built parallel to the shore that shields the coast from breaking waves. The sea walls are created to stop the brute force of the incoming waves that can destroy any structure in its path. The buildings near the shoreline would also get damaged if there were no sea walls.
I came up with James Hutton.. Hope this helps
Normal faults are caused by tension
Reverse faults are caused by compression
Doldrums is the calm area near the equator.