Answer:
The first one, humiliating defeat of Russia by Germany
Explanation:
Russia pulled out of the war and was engaged in a civil war which occupied most of the nation, and allowed Russia to pull troops to the Western front for their upcoming Spring offensive
Answer:
It was Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. It became a sanctuary for Huguenots, the French Calvinists, who suffered persecution in France, and also for Jews who had flown from Spain and Portugal where their options were to convert or to be burned. There they could settle and worship. Jews invested in the local stock market and opened synagogues in Amsterdam.
Explanation:
