Opponents of GMOs have been unceasing in their campaign to vilify genetically modified foods by describing them as “Frankenfoods,” thus implying they are not natural and are potentially harmful.
“The practice of introducing new DNA and chemicals to seeds or animals (Aqua Advantage has developed a GMO fish) is similar to how Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein created his monster–—through piecing together lots of different organisms,” wrote the Organic Authority on its website—a common allusion in the anti-GMO world. “We all know what happened when the monster turned on Frankenstein, and many critics of genetic engineering have likened the inevitable backlash of GMO technology to the destruction and murderous rampage of Frankenstein’s monster.”
Many anti-GMO articles that warn of the dangers GM crops are often accompanied by an image of a tomato fruit or vegetable with syringes sticking out of them. Very often it is a fruit or vegetable for which there is no current GM equivalent such as a tomato. This depiction is used to reinforce the notion that GM foods are created in laboratories and not by nature and therefore are dangerous to consume.
With the constant barrage of scare-based imagery, it is not surprising that there is widespread public suspicion that GMOs are dangerous to human health. But there is little controversy surrounding GMOs within the scientific community with 88 percent of the members of the American Association for the Advancement of Science believing GMOs are “generally safe.” The safety of GMOs were once again reinforced by the May 2016 report by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, which concluded, there was “reasonable evidence that animals were not harmed by eating food derived from genetically engineered crops”, and epidemiological data indicated there was no increase in cancer or other health related problems associated with these crops entering our food supply.
David Zilberman, a professor of agriculture and resource economics at the University of California, Berkley, has noted that Frankenfood was “a terrible word, a stigmatization word, one that’s used to scare people… People are afraid of GMOs for little or no reason. GM is simply a tool. Because it allows us to modify plants with far greater precision and control then before, it will be very valuable.”
The reality is that the vast bulk of the foods we consume whether organic or conventionally grown have had their genetics altered in the field or in a laboratory via a process of selective breeding or advanced biotechnology techniques, and all such foods are safe to eat. The altering of genes in plants is even known to occur naturally as highlighted by the sweet potato.
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HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. Causer of AIDS, it attacks the immune system, responsible for defending the body from diseases. The most affected cells are CD4+ T lymphocytes. And it is by altering the DNA of that cell that HIV makes copies of itself.
<h3>1. Discuss the pathophysiology of HIV in relation to the reduction of CD4 cells</h3>
HIV binds to a component of that cell's membrane, CD4, penetrating its interior to multiply. As a result, the defense system gradually loses the ability to respond properly, making the body more vulnerable to disease.
<h3>2. Discuss the body's immune response to the virus (HIV)</h3>
The innate immune responses to HIV infection are mainly the intense production of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1 and interferon (IFN)-1, and the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, which can temporarily control HIV replication. through apoptosis of infected cells
<h3>3. Explain the molecular and cellular immune response that leads to the swollen lesion.</h3>
due to the accumulation of primary immune cells and the body's long attempt to fight the infection
<h3>4. Discuss the cellular and molecular immune response that results in enlargement of the spleen and cervical lymph nodes</h3>
An infection from bacteria and viruses, including HIV, can cause swelling of the lymph nodes. The swelling occurs because the infection reaches the nodes through lymph fluid. HIV most often affects lymph nodes around the neck as well as in the armpits and groin.
Learn more about HIV in brainly.com/question/10667653
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Answer: 0
Explanation: Because there are three circles which shows females and zero square which shows males.
