Colonization of Africa begun well before the early 17th century. The whole of the Mediterranean coast of Africa was colonised by the Romans after the Punic Wars
The legislative branch must approve the presideries choice of judges to the judicial branch; may propose constitutional amendments to overturn judicial decisions. The legislative branch has impeachment powers over all federal officers. Judicial over the executive branch.
The idea of the us gaining all land from one seaboard to the other is called manifest destiny the us gained these lands through several different purchases, annexations, and agreements such as the annexation of texas the treaty to give the us land in oregon below the 49th parallel and so forth.
When making decisions, the Supreme Courts often tries to rely on precedents from previous Supreme Court decisions, since they often to not want to "ruffle the feathers" of established law in the US.
