congress has powers over lower federal courts in that it can define and redefine these courts mandates, and establish their jurisdiction or reexamine it. These powers are provided to congress by the constitution specifically in the exempting clause.
The best option would be that "<span>The U.S. imposed a treaty that forced Latin American countries to democratize or face crippling sanctions," since it was never in American's best interest to force the democratization of the region. </span>
Generally speaking, after the fall of the Soviet Union "<span>a. ethnic conflicts and separatist movements threatened stability," since there was an immediate collapse in the major power structure that had "tied" the nation together. </span>
