They were confident and believed the war would end quickly.
There were many factors that led to the rise of political machines in American cities in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. One of the major factors that led to the rise of political machines was the rise of immigrant populations who sought to gain and increase their influence in the political realm and served as a powerful political tool for political machines. Political machines worked to enfranchise these voters through a system of patronage, and bribes and would bring them out on election days to support politicians who paid political bosses or awarded government privileges to. Positive aspects of this system were that it gave some increased level of representation of immigrant populations and worked to enfranchise these new political groups. However, these machines led to a high level of corruption and hurt the meritocracy of government institutions at the time.
The caste system was the dominant social system of "India," since it had pre-modern roots in this area and helped build a system of social stratification, which was altered by British rule.
Answer:
The answer is d. All of the above.
Explanation:
Groups of Indians - villages or towns headed by a cacique or chief - were given to a Spanish landlord to work for him in his lands or properties. They also had to pay tributes to him. He was responsible for them. That was the system called "encomienda." Ironically, one the lord´s duties was to make them assimilate Christian beliefs and values, to lead a Christian life, but often they had too work too long and too much and there wasn´t time for cathecism left. Indians and their families were exploited and badly mistreated by the Spanish lords or "encomenderos." This sytem consolidated the state of Indians as a slave labor force and their subjugation, and it also was a good method used by the Spanish crown to pay all those Spanish men who had rendered services to it. Catholic priests and missionaries were among the early defenders of Indians.
