Answer:
Slave and free states were mostly peaceful for 30 years. In the late 1840s, the Mexican War gave the US additional territories, and the topic of whether they would be slaves or free arose again. California petitioned Congress to become a free state after the gold rush. At the same time, Texas claimed Santa Fe. Washington, D.C., permitted slavery and had the world's biggest slave market.
The 1850 Compromise's most controversial measure. It required citizens to rescue escaping slaves. Fugitives had no jury trial. Special commissioners were paid $5 to free a runaway and $10 to return a prisoner to slavery. The statute also allowed slave owners to sue fugitives more easily. The new law was massive. Many former slaves who escaped the North went to Canada, which gained 20,000 Black people over the following five years.
Explanation:
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