Answer:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion)
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication)
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion)
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution)
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation)
Explanation:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion) ---- This is called deletion because it involves the removal of 3 base pairs (AGG) from the DNA sequence.
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication) ---- In this case, the particular sequence (ATTCGG) is copied again or duplicated.
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)----- This is called inversion mutation because the DNA sequence breaks off and is reattached but this time in a reverse order i.e. CTT becomes TTC, placing the last base first and the first base last.
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion) ------ This is called insertion mutation because it involves the addition of extra base pairs (CGC) into the sequence. The Insertion occurs between the last A and T nucleotide.
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution) ----- This is called substitution because Guanine base is replaced by Thymine in the DNA sequence. It is specifically called a transversion substitution because a purine (Guanine) is replaced by a pyrimidine (Thymine). It is called a point mutation because it involves a single base.
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation) ----- in this case, CCGGTT and TTAGGC are sequences on different chromosomes. Portions of sequence on the first chromosome (GTT) and second chromosome (TTA) breaks off and gets reattached/exchanged in each other i.e. the first chromosome gets TTA while the second gets GTT. This kind of mutation is called translocation.
Answer:
I can’t answer all of them, but I’ll answer the oxygen ones.
The mitochondria uses oxygen. In mitochondria, this process uses oxygen as a waste product. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell.
I hope this helps, even though I only answered 3 of your questions!!
Answer:
The causes of unemployment in high-income countries of the world can be categorized in two ways: either cyclical unemployment caused by the economy being in a recession, or the natural rate of unemployment caused by factors in labor markets, such as government regulations regarding hiring and starting businesses.
This phenomenon can be explained by Allen's rule. It says that the body proportions and shape may vary in different climates. The temperature decreases as the latitude increases, so in the northern region is much colder. Animals must preserve heat in such conditions. So, exposed surface areas of the body, such as the ears, feet, and tail, are usually minimized to minimize heat loss in the cold climate. <span>Therefore, northern species often have smaller ears, feet, and tail than the southern species. </span>
