Lenin's New Economic Policy allowed some of the "Agricultural collectives" to reappear in the Russian economy, since it was clear farmers needed some sort of incentive to produce more.
The working conditions look to be tough, in that time child labor was legal, people abused their power (uses and abuses of power, an element that is part of history) adults made children work and sat their watching them, the children look dirty so it’s assumed they work in the coal mines, it looks like the children also don’t get a break, bathed much, or fed, these children most likely came from poor families.