Answer:
Fragment
Explanation:
Fragments are incomplete sentences. Fragments are pieces of sentences that have become disconnected from the main clause.
Your answer to this question is B. Characters
D. To build ethos
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A mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument.
Figurative language is most common in poetry, but poetry does not always explore thought in a concise way, more often it tried to convey a feeling or an impression than treats the subject in detail.
Therefore I would choose a "novel" - it can use figurative language (unlike exploratory essay), but it also deals with ideas and thought is a profound, comprehensive way (but note that some poems will also do that!)