Answer:
I believe the answer is:
A) The government should exercise only the powers specifically listed in the Constitution
Strict constitutionist believe that everything that written under the constitution should be followed word by words without any opening for other interpretations.
The opposition of the strict constitutionist argued that we need to provide room for improvement since there are a lot of things in the constitution that still deemed as unfair. For example, under initial constitution, women were not allowed to vote
The attack on Fort Sumter, April 13th, 1861 culminates in the war led by the conflicts and tensions in the South, more specifically with the surrender of General Robert Anderson that set defense in Charleston Harbor in South Carolina. The fort took fire from artillery and bombardments by the Confederate State armies. The Fort couldn't stand long a defense, so it surrendered shortly after in April 1861 eventually leading to the formal declaration of war between the States in the North, loyal to the Constitution, and the southern states.. which were advocating for the split.
One major difference was the fact that more countries got in on the expansion. Germany and Belgium are a great example of that. The two countries were not really a part of the early expansions whereas they were from 1750 to 1914.