What’s your question? I’m going to assume that this is a multiple choice. If so, it would be colonies labor and resources.
Most Greek city-states, Athens I believe as well.
Samuel and John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, John Hancock, and there is way to many names to list
European nations saw an opportunity for new trade routes and potential wealth in some of Africa's natural resources. In addition The geographical limitations of Europe were also a factor.
I am pretty sure it was the Mayans. here go to this website to have a visual image of what their writing looked like:
https://www.google.com/search?q=mayans+writing&biw=1366&bih=659&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=...