D. Cones
Cycads are basically composed of woody plants which have roots, a stem, leaves and reproductive structures called Cones. These cones differ from each other depending on the plant whether it is female or male. These cones vary from shape, size, color, etc. based on the sex of the plant.
The blood cells likely placed in a "hypotonic solution".
<u>Option: A</u>
<u>Explanation:</u>
When human blood cells are immersed in a solution with a low concentration of solute than is present in cells, osmosis allows water to pass through the cells, allowing the cells to get swollen; such a fluid is hypotonic to the cells. But when held in a solution with a greater concentration of solute, osmosis allows water to pass out of the cell, the cell is smaller and crenated in form; then a solution is hypertonic to the cells.
Healthcare facilities preserve human blood cells in a plasma solution that has the proper salt and protein ratios. Such solution is formulated to be mildly hypertonic to the red cells, thus maintaining the integrity of the cells and avoiding hemolysis.
Ileostomy is a procedure where the end of the small intestine, called the ileum, is brought out of an opening in the belly through surgery. The opening is called a stoma, and its shiny, bright red in color. It is often done after the large intestine has been removed due to cancer or serious physical injuries. Having a stoma, and the need of emptying it several times a day, is disfiguring so the patient often suffer from poor self image. The patient in the case, may be concerned of being unable to continue romantic relationships due to having a stoma. As a nurse, make sure to first make patient understand that ileostomy surgery does not involve the reproductive organs or the gonads. Then, acknowledge that while having a stoma is disfiguring, many organizations are helping increase awareness and acceptance of those who have the condition. Refer the patient to such local stoma advocacy organizations.
The synthesis of ATP is based on energy conversion, via conformational changes of the subunits.
A proton gradient on either side of the membrane into which the ATP synthases are inserted is necessary for their operation, which implies that the synthesis of ATP can not be done independently of a membrane. Within the mitochondrial inner membrane, it is the respiratory chain that provides the pH gradient by injecting protons into the intermembrane space during the transfer of electrons from one complex to another. At the level of the thylakoid membrane, it is the photosynthetic chain that injects protons into the lumen.
