The first one cause many different animals can be vertebrates
When the lac operon controls the expression of proteins in the E.coli cell that can break down lactose into two sugars, glucose and galactose. When lactose is present, it binds to the repressor that typically sits on the lac operon, changing the repressor's conformation such that it can no longer bind to the lac operon. Because of this, RNA polymerase can now transcribe the gene into mRNA, <span>which in turn is translated into the proteins that can break down lactose.</span>
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I want to say it's radiation but I'm not sure
Addition polymerisation???
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The occurrence of limestones and well-sorted quartzose sandstones, on the other hand, is considered to be evidence of shallow-water formation, and such rocks form in the inner segment of a geosyncline, termed a miogeosyncline.
Explanation:I explained it with my answer if that’s ok