Question

42.

Answer 1

Answer:

Option B, Genetic engineering

Explanation:

Biodiversity determines the different types of species living in a given area. Hence it is incorrect

Bioremediation is basically a waste management system in which organisms are used to break down hazardous substances into less toxic substances. Hence, it is also incorrect

Hemodialysis is used to remove or filter out wastes and water from blood. Hence, it is also incorrect  

Genetic engineering is used to produce organism with desired trait by altering their DNA and hence the associated Phenotype. Thus, it is the correct answer

Hence, option B is correct

Answer 2

Answer:

Genetic engineering

Explanation:

Genetic engineering is a technique in which DNA of desired gene is isolated from the body of an organism and inserted into the body of host cell. The host cell then develop organism or species with the characteristics of desired gene. The organism with genetic manipulation are called genetically modified organism (GMO).

Genetic engineering has many application such as human growth hormones, mass-produce insulin, follistim (for treating infertility), monoclonal antibodies,  increasing productivity of animals and plants et-cetra.

Some animals are unable to breed or produces organism due to genetic diosrders or mutaions, with the help of genetic engineering a DNA with gene of interest can be inserted in the host or animal cell, which will treat or remove the natural barries and will make enable it for breeding.

Hence, the correct answer is Genetic engineering.