They had very little supplies and financial backing for the war.
There was discontent [dissatisfaction] in Russia because the government was corrupt and ineffective, there was widespread poverty in the country, there was a scarcity of food, and the Russians suffered massive losses in World War I.
The Columbian Exchange had positive and negative consequences.
Some of the positive consequences were the introduction of different nutrients and food supplies into the Old World, such as corn or potatoes. This improved the diet of most Europeans, leading to a population growth in the next generations.
However, Europe benefited more than the Americas, for some of the negative consequences about the Columbian Exchange were the introduction of diseases into the continent and the slavery of African populations into the Americas.
Answer:
The answer is the first option "communist...parliamentary
Answer:
A strong military and tough foreign policy