The correct answer is: "social contract and popular sovereignty".
The Enlightenment philosophers, such as Locke, Monstequieu or Rosseau, introduced ideas that <u>challenged, and ended up derrocating, the power structures of the Old Regime</u>. They promoted reason and the scientific method over religious dogmatism and superstititions.
The main principles developed were the following: definition of bills of citizens' rights, <u>social contract (citizens electing political representatives to create goverments through suffrage, in opposition to the prevailing absolute monarchies)</u>, and the division of the powers of the state in order to avoid excessive power accumulation in certain sectors, and risks of authoritarism.
