As mathematician, Newton invented integral calculus, and jointly with Leibnitz<span>, differential calculus. He also calculated a formula for finding the velocity of sound in a gas which was later corrected by </span>Laplace<span>.</span>
I believe the answer would be ignorance. Many of the cultures were actually very aware of their surroundings, and the world they lived in. Mostly through this interest, ancient cultures were currently finding out new ideas about their world.