Elizabeth ascended the throne at the age of 25.
"Never borne arms against the U.S." means that "he" has never opposed the U.S. and that he hasn't helped the enemies of the U.S. Sadly, I can only answer one half of your question for now, but I hope this helps!
Answer: A member of the Democratic Party, Clinton was known as a New Democrat, and many of his policies reflected a centrist "Third Way" political philosophy.
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