The two states were the greatest powers of West Asia, and the rivalry was further fueled by dogmatic differences: the Ottomans were Sunnis, while the Safavids were staunchly Shia Muslims of the Qizilbash sect, and seen as heretics by the Ottomans.
Both revolutions started rather moderately, with people demanding more representation in government. Neither gained the full support of everyone in the respective nations either, as evidenced by Loyalists in the US and counterrevolutions in areas like the Vendee in France. In France, the revolution became more radical and ideological, taking Enlightenment ideals and rationalism to the extreme. The revolution in France also led to the dictatorship of Napoleon and the restoration is Bourbon monarchs, so ultimately a return to the status quo, while the American Revolution was successful in gaining American independence. Furthermore, the French Revolution was fought in France while the American Revolution was fought in the colonies of England and never sought to completely depose George III, just remove his control of the colonies.
The major downfall of the Articles of Confederation was simply weakness. The federal government, under the Articles, was too weak to enforce their laws and therefore had no power. The Continental Congress had borrowed money to fight the Revolutionary War and could not repay their debts.
B because u can think abt pacing pacing
Federalism is the separation of government powers on a national level and a state level. This is a system that prevents the federal government or individual state governments from becoming too powerful. Each level of government has its own roles and responsibilities, and some of these powers are shared. This is similar to the idea of separation of power between the three branches of government- legislative, executive, judicial- so one branch or group of people cannot abuse their power.
According to the U.S. Constitution, there are specific powers that the federal government has, such as making treaties and waging wars against foreign nations. However, certain powers are reserved for the states. From your list, states can and do: a) run schools, b) issue drivers' licenses, and c) borrow money.
There are many other examples of federal powers and state powers that can be seen in the attached diagram. (Courtesy of apgovernmentchs.wikispaces.com)