Luckily, geography is split into two main areas that make it easier to wrap your head around: Physical geography looks at the natural processes of the Earth, such as climate and plate tectonics. Human geography looks at the impact and behavior of people and how they relate to the physical world.
In general, no, Mesopotamia did not fall because of attack from other empires, since it was primarily due to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers drying up that led to a lack of produce, and therefore a fall in the empire itself.
A. Emphasis on hard work
E. Penalties for fighting
The correct answer is D. unfamiliar with the geography and terrain.
The Continental Army, lead by George Washington, squared off with the British army during the American Revolution. During this time, the colonists were extremely unorganized, had little supplies, and was staffed by thousands of volunteers.
However the Continental Army did have an advantage in knowing the geography/climate. Considering the volunteer soldiers for the Continental Army lived in the 13 colonies (where the fighting took place) the geography and terrain was very familiar to them.