The African slaves were able to contribute to the elements of jazz are the following:
1. rhythm - It was a trait of African music to use 'polyrhythm' or the superimposing of a single rhythm
2. Blues - it is an important characteristic of Jazz that essentially evolved from the field hollering of the slaves
3. Syncopation - is also a critical part of Jazz because it varies the duration of the same notes being played in a song. This is also done by placing emphasis on beats (strong or weak).
This evolved from the call and response form used by the slaves when singing.
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Bolivar was a supporter of Enlightenment, as seen e.g in his views of supporting personal freedom and democracy. In fact his mentor taught him about Enlightenment and suggested many works of authors relevant to Enlightenment to Simon Bolivar.
The beginning of the Lutheran Church :)
