They were shocked because the Mexican Military had more weapons than them and had more forces too.
South America was mainly colonized by Spain, whose main goal was to spread Catholicism to "save" the native people.
The Mid Atlantic borders the subregion of New England
A is the answer. Hope this helps!
Maybe it means that there’s a difference between how much land they own or something. It says there was a difference between the amount of land they occupied and the amount of land they couldn’t control. So maybe they didn’t own/have a lot of land but there was a lot of land they couldn’t get to/take over etc. or maybe this situation could be vice versa so they have a ton of land but only a little isn’t “controlled” let me know if this helps sorry if it’s confusing I’m just guessing based on the context clues :)