Answer:
Average max. elongation rate = modified RNA pol./ wild type RNA pol = 2/12 = 0.166 nucleotides per sec.
Explanation:
After treating the wild type and experimental RNA with amanitin solution, the amanitin actively binds to the active site of wild type RNA polymerase, inhibiting addition of nucleotides and also it interferes with the motility of RNA pol. along the DNA template, due to which their is a sharp decline in maximum elongation rate of mRNA. In case of experimental RNA polymerase, due to single base substitution the experimental strain is already having very low elongation rate, but binding of amanitin causes constraint on the motility of RNA polymerase through the DNA template, thereby decreasing the elongation rate. Average max. elongation rate = modified RNA pol./ wild type RNA pol = 2/12 = 0.166 nucleotides per sec.
Hydroelectricity comes from using the kinetic energy stored in the water. When the high pressure through the blades are released, its kinetic energy is transferred onto turbine blades to generate electricity.
Answer:
Binary fission is different from mitosis and meiosis because it occur in prokaryotic cells. And prokaryotic cells does not have nucleus like the eukaryotic cells and there is not mitotic spindle formation during binary fission compared to mitosis and meiosis.
Explanation:
Binary fission is a process of cell division where a single cells divide into two or more parts and the parts regenerate into another organisms which resembles the parent organisms. This occur only in prokaryotic cells and is very different from mitosis and meiosis that occur in eukaryotic cells because prokaryotic cells lack nucleus and no spindle formation in the nucleus.
Mitosis occur in eukaryotic cells because they have nucleus and membrane bound organelles and is the process where a parent cell divide to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and each cell having the same number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that occur in eukaryotic cells and it occur in sex cells where a single cell divide into four daughter cells with each having half number of parent cell chromosomes.
Hypothesis or prediction or theory
Answer:
The statement supported by the description of the process of protein synthesis determined by DNA and its packaging and sorted by the Golgi apparatus is that various organelles within a cell interact with each other to carry out life processes (option D).
Explanation:
From the transcription of RNA from DNA to protein synthesis and its packaging and distribution, the participation of organelles is observed:
- <em>Cell nucleus</em><em>: contains the DNA and is where the transcription into mRNA occurs.
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- <em>Ribosomes</em><em>: where the mRNA is coupled to produce translation and protein synthesis.
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- <em>Rough endoplasmic reticulum</em><em>: contains ribosomes and participates in the process of membrane protein synthesis, also contributing to their conjugation, glycosylation or sulfonation.
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- <em>Golgi apparatus</em><em>: it is in charge of receiving synthesized proteins, packaging and distributing them to be sent to the extracellular space or other cells.
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In this way, the coordination of the functions of various organelles is useful and necessary to fulfill vital functions. The statement that varoius organelles within the cell interact with each other to carry out life processes is, therefore, correct.
<em>The options for this question are:</em>
<em> A. Organelles within a cell act independently of each other at all times
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<em> B. Some organelles are more important than other organelles within a cell.
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<em> C. Only up to three organelles may interact with each other at any given moment in time.
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<em> D. </em><u><em>Various organelles within a cell interact with each other to carry out life processes.</em></u>
