In looking at the DSM, Morey and Ochoa (1989) demonstrated that one area significant reliability concerns is in diagnosing <u>"personality" </u>disorders.
Personality disorders are a group of mental sicknesses. They include long term patterns of contemplations and practices that are undesirable and rigid. The practices cause significant issues with connections and work. Individuals with identity issue experience difficulty managing ordinary anxieties and issues. They regularly have stormy associations with other individuals.
According to Hinduism the Reality behind the entire Creation on all levels - physical, mental, emotional etc. is Brahman. Brahman is simultaneously the support of all that exists and the transcendental Reality. In fact Brahman is the source of consciousness and so it is beyond anything
Answer:
Negative reinforcement
Explanation:
In psychology and classical and operant conditioning, the term reinforcement refers to a stimulus that increases the chances that a certain behavior is repeated in the future. In other words, it refers to something that makes the behavior be more frequent.
However, there are 2 different types of reinforcement:
- Positive reinforcement: It consists in <u>presenting</u> a desired stimulus that will increase the chances that the behavior is repeated.
- Negative reinforcement: It consists in <u>retiring</u> an undesired stimulus that will increase the chances that the behavior is repeated (for example, the beeping in the car when we don't use the seatbelt is a negative reinforcement since it is retired the moment we use the seatbelt and it is more likely that next time we'll fasten the seatbelt before to not hear the sound).
Therefore, when <u>something an individual does not like is removed (an undesired stimulus)</u> and they are more likely to <u>do the behavior again (increasing the probability of the behavior to be repeated),</u> this is known as negative reinforcement.
Answer:
oppositional defiant disorder
Explanation:
Abby is showing symptoms of oppositional disruptive disorder. It is a disorder that occurs in childhood where the child exhibits disobedient and disruptive behavior to those in authority.
Some of the signs shown are irritable behavior, they get vindictive, likely to engage in arguments, and are aggressive.
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