Question

Participants read a case study of Betty, who was once married to Ben (a male). Half of the participants read that she was now living in a heterosexual relationship with someone else, and half of them read that she was now living in a homosexual relationship with someone else. When later tested on the details of the case study, researchers found that participants made errors consistent with _________.

Answer 1

Answer: When later tested on the details of the case study, researchers found that participants made errors consistent with the sexual orientation.

Explanation:

The term sexual orientation refers to the sex (male or female) to which a person is attracted. There are several types of sexual orientation that are usually described as:

• Straight: Heterosexual people feel a romantic and physical attraction to members of the opposite sex.
• Homosexual: people who feel a romantic and physical attraction for members of the same sex. Homosexual women are also called lesbians.

• Bisexual: People who feel a romantic and physical attraction for members of both sexes.

Answer 2

Answer:the use of mental models known as schemas or cognitive schemas.

Explanation:

A schema is our mental framework which assist us when we need to interpret a particular subject or situation. Schemas can give us the ability to make fast interpretation without having to go through all the amount of information that is mostly around us at all times.

There is a disadvantage though in using schemas because this may cause us to ignore some relevant information regarding that situation that we are trying to interpret and focus on our preconceived beliefs and ideas.

This means it is very likely that we may misjudge a situation if we use schemas becaue they tend to form stereotypes and prohibit us from attaining new information which may go against what we already know.