It’s (b) sorry for answering late
The Norman Invasion began in the year 1066.
They needed financial help
We had the Cold War. It was called the Cold War because no military force was used in the war. It was mainly a technology race to try and scare the other country and come out superior. Espionage was also used in the war, but there was no man on man combat, and war with atomic/nuclear weapons was not conducted. I hope that answered your question, my friend.