Answer:
Explanation:We have learned in Chapter 2 that the body is defended by innate immune ... The antigen-recognition molecules of B cells are the immunoglobulins, or Ig. These ... Membrane-bound immunoglobulin on the B-cell surface serves as the cell's ... of antibody molecules allows each antibody to bind a different specific antigen, .
White matter in the spinal cord is named as such because of it's paler color than the other areas which are darker (gray matter). The light color is due to the presence of myelin, a fatty substance which speeds up the rate that electrical impulses travel to and fro the neurons.
Spinal white matter is separated into ascending and descending tracts organized as vertical columns within the cord. There are many names for these specific tracts, usually based upon where the signals traveling in a specific column began, and where it leads to. Such as the Spino-Thalamic tract, which starts in the spinal cord and travels to the Thalamus of the brain. This gives us a uni-directional flow of information, from bottom (spine) to top (brain), so the Spino-Thalamic tract is an ascending column of white nerves.
On the other hand, the Cerebro-Spinal tract descends, from the cerebral of the brain down the spinal cord to reach different parts of the body.
Answer:
The target cells for plant hormones may be located large distances from the cells that produce and secrete the hormones.
1. Bees pollinate flowers and flowers provide nectar for the bees. "M"
2. A tapeworm attaches to the intestines of animals and absorbs their nutrients. "P"
3.Tiny birds helping to keep a crocodile's mouth clean by eating scraps of
food caught between the crocodile's teeth. "M"
4. A tree frog using a plant for shelter from the rain. "C"
5. A tick feeding on the blood of a deer. "P"
Explanation:
Mutualism : If 2 or more species are having an association and the relation is useful to both the organisms in relation, is termed 'mutualism'.
eg: In pollination bees transfer pollens and help reproduce flowering plants and bees get nutrition from the nector.
The plover bird comes to crocodile's mouth as it gives invitation to it to cleanse its mouth and food stuck between the teeth because crocodile cannot go flossing. In turn plover birds gets its food. In this relation both bird and crocodile benefited.
Commensalism: This is a relation between two organisms or species in which one partner is benefited while other neither gets harmed nor benefited.
eg :A tree frog utilizes the shade of plants and hide in the plant to get saved from prey in turn plant does not get anything.
Parasitism: In this association parasite lives in the organism and benefits from it but host gets harmed with this association.
eg: The tapeworm living in intestine of animals attaches to draw nutrition in turn animal gets disease caused by it.
Tick receive nutrition and the deer gets the disease.
