(C) The Ottoman Empire captured the city of Constantinople.
B) centers of trade and commerce.
They were all by the water so other places could easily reach the cities to trade and spread culture and reliegion.
In the eastern part of the confederacy, the Army of the Protomac met with mixed success. The Union Army failed to capture Richmond and won at Antietam only because the Confederates withdrew from the field first. In the western part of the Confederacy, the Army of the West won the Battle of Shiloh, and the Union navy captured New Orleans and Memphis.
In a direct democracy, all citizens meet together and make decisions via a vote. In a representative democracy, citizens elect leaders who make decisions on their behalf. A republic who is ruled by a official is a form of democracy.