Observation is a very important part of science. It lets us see the results of an experiment, even if they are not the results we expect. It lets us see unexpected things around us that might stimulate our curiosity, leading to new experiments. Even more important than observation is accurate observation. Often, our eyes and our brains play tricks on us, letting us see what we expect to see, instead of what is actually there.
Denotation- "reptile" or "scaly"
Connotation- "evil" or "treachery"
Demonstrating bravery huh? It doesn't seem too hard to explain. Say, for example your talking about a fictional story, right? Depending on what that said character does, depends on his/her bravery for he/she did. If you can implement something similar to that in whatever it was you had in mind, it might help.
I really hope this helps.