Answer:
I think it’s C (When you detail ahead of time) but I’m not 100% sure
Explanation:
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The discoveries of Newton led to machines being invented and the the start of industrialisation.
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It would be A, the other choices simply doesn't fit with what you are trying to provide to the reader. You want to pull them in
Well the target audiences are very different, because at the political party the speaker is trying to persuade the audience to agree with him/her where as the target audience for the academic paper are trying to tech their audience on the topic, also the thesis is more clearly stated in the academic paper.