The woman and the host is the characters in "Arrangement in Black and White" that conveys refinement because the woman is the one that ask the host to present her to one of a negro singer which is Walter Williams, so the host and the woman does or conveys refinement to the singer.
The lines that best explains why the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional in nature is "Since the 14th Amendment did not make concessions for people born outside the US, the Supreme Court’s decision could not be applied."
