Pope Urban II calls the first crusade - this event was caused as Byzantine Emperor Alexius I made an appeal to Urban for assistance. Urban united Christian Europe to fight against the Turks to take back the Holy Land.
Urban degraded Muslims in speeches with exaggerating stories of anti-Christian acts, giving the united Christian Europe a common enemy and a promised reward.
The Christians were, however, initially beaten back due to inexperience and lack of discipline.
Hope this helps!
The answer is Italian peninsula .
Answer: A handful of Italian philosophers claimed they were living in a new age at the end of the 14th century A.D. The barbarous, unilluminated "Middle Ages" were over, they said; a "rinascità" ("rebirth") of learning and literature, art and culture would be the modern day. This was the beginning of the era now referred to as the Renaissance.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! :)
Answer:
(B) The Marshall plan helped the west recover faster
Karl Marx was the one responsible for the theory of Communist economics.<span />
