Question

• what are the spherical green structures in the leaf cytoplasm?

Answer 1

Chloroplasts;
These contain grana, the site of the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis, and stroma, a fluid substance that is the equivalent of cytoplasm in cells, which is the site of the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis. Grana are structures made of stacked thylakoid membranes, necessary for chemiosmosis, connected to one another by lamellae.