In the ribosome what pairs with the codon?

1 answer:

5 0

Anticodons are found on molecules of tRNA. Their function is to base pair with the codon on a strand of mRNA during translation. This action ensures that the correct amino acid will be added to the growing polypeptide chain. A tRNA molecule will enter the ribosome bound to an amino acid.

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The ATP yield for a molecule depends on where it enters glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. The yield can be compared to the ne

Andru [333]

Answer:

a) The net ATP yield from fructose 1,6‑bisphosphate is 32 ATP

b) The net ATP yield from galactose is 30 ATP

c) The net ATP yield from dihydroxyacetone phosphate is 16 ATP

d) The net ATP yield from pyruvate is 12.5 ATP

e) The net ATP yield from lactate is 14 ATP

f) The net ATP yield from phosphoenolpyruvate is 13.5 ATP

Explanation:

a) In this case, 2 ATP molecules are not used for the phosphorylation of glucose for the production of fructose bisphosphate 1.6, thus, the net ATP yield is 32 ATP.

b) Galactose is converted to glucose-1-phosphate through reactions that lead to phosphorylation. Glucose-1-phosphate is transformed into glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase. Later it is used in glycolysis, thus, the net ATP yield is 30 ATP.

c) The fructose 1,6 bisphosphate is decomposed in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is isomerized to glyceraldehyde -3-phosphate. ATP performance is (2.5+2.5+11) = 16 ATP

d) Pyruvate is decarboxylated oxidatively to produce acetyl-CoA. ATP yields are:

Glycolysis = 0

Oxidative decarboxylation = 2.5 ATP

TCA cycle = 10 ATP

The net yield is 2.5 + 10 = 12.5 ATP

e) Lactate is oxidized to pyruvate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase with a reduction of NAD. Pyruvate is brought into the mitochondria, where it is decarboxylated oxidatively to produce acetyl-CoA. If 1.5 ATP is assumed for cytosolic NADH, therefore 1.5 is produced. So, the net yield is: 12.5 + 1.5 = 14

f) Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate by ATP production through phosphorylation. ATP yield is as follows:

Glycolysis = 1

Oxidative decarboxylation = 2.5 ATP

TCA cycle = 10 ATP

The net yield is 1 + 2.5 + 10 = 13.5 ATP

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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a sequence of amino acids called a blank is produced during the process of blank during this process, the blank of a TRNA molecu

eduard

Answer:

A transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length,that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. Transfer RNA does this by carrying an amino acid to the protein synthetic machinery of a cell (ribosome) as directed by the complementary recognition of a 3-nucleotide sequence (codon) in a messenger RNA (mRNA) by a 3-nucleotide sequence (anticodon) of the tRNA. As such, tRNAs are a necessary component of translation, the biological synthesis of new proteins in accordance with the genetic code.

Each mRNA molecule is simultaneously translated by many ribosomes, all reading the mRNA from 5′ to 3′ and synthesizing the polypeptide from the N terminus to the C terminus. The complete mRNA/poly-ribosome structure is called a polysome.

tRNAs in eukaryotes

The tRNA molecules are transcribed by RNA polymerase III. Depending on the species, 40 to 60 types of tRNAs exist in the cytoplasm. Specific tRNAs bind to codons on the mRNA template and add the corresponding amino acid to the polypeptide chain. (More accurately, the growing polypeptide chain is added to each new amino acid bound in by a tRNA.)

The transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are structural RNA molecules. In eukaryotes, tRNA mole are transcribed from tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III. Depending on the species, 40 to 60 types of tRNAs exist in the cytoplasm. Serving as adaptors, specific tRNAs bind to sequences on the mRNA template and add the corresponding amino acid to the polypeptide chain. (More accurately, the growing polypeptide chain is added to each new amino acid brought in by a tRNA.) Therefore, tRNAs are the molecules that actually “translate” the language of RNA into the language of proteins.