The environment that will have a negative impact on both cells with a cell wall and cells without a cell wall is the hypertonic environment.
<h3>What is a cell wall?</h3>
A cell wall is defined as the flexible outer layer of the cell that provides protection for the cell from any physical or chemical stress.
A hypertonic fluid environment is the type of fluid that is highly concentrated than the cell.
Therefore, when a clear is placed in a hypertonic environment, through the process of osmosis, water moves out of the cell.
This affects also cells that do not possess cell wall.
Therefore, the environment that will have a negative impact on both cells with a cell wall and cells without a cell wall is the hypertonic environment.
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The blanks are weathering so that's your answer
Supportive nursing care at the beginning of the mother-infant relationship should include encouraging the mother to help out with simple aspects of her newborn's care. This is necessary in order to promote attachment between the mother and the baby.
Answer:
It is an example of frequency-dependent selection. Due to several cheaters in the population, the fruiting body's stalk is not made properly. So, all individuals have lesser fitness.
Explanation:
Natural selection:
The population contains both superior as well as an inferior organism where natural resources are limiting so it will cause competition between organisms. As a result of competition, it will select superiors, and inferiors are deleted and they are given reproductive advantages. Due to this reproductive advantage new population emerges. It is more suitable for the environment.
Natural selection divides into three parts that are directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection.
The given question is the example of frequency-dependent selection. Due to several cheaters in the population, the fruiting body's stalk is not made properly. So, all individuals have lesser fitness. Directional selection will not lead to fixation of cheater genotype. This is because cheating can be controlled through high relatedness in social groups, resulting from kin discrimination.
It is controlled through positive pleiotropy, where the cooperation gene has an additional vital function. Cheating will be controlled if stalk vs. spore is a result of environmental, not genetic factors. An example, spore fate can be a result of the position in the mitotic cell cycle.
To properly build the phylogenetic tree, Julia needs information that can connect any of mentioned mammals (bear and monkey) to reptiles. And that could be only the fact that a duckbilled platypus lays eggs similarly like reptiles. So, the platypus is a mammal and relationship with bear and monkey in that way exist, but laying eggs is not characteristic for other mammals.
