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Angelina_Jolie [31]
2 years ago
15

What is the function of stem cells?​

Biology
2 answers:
Dmitriy789 [7]2 years ago
5 0

When a stem cell divides, each new cell can either stay a stem cell or become a specialized cell, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell.

Natasha2012 [34]2 years ago
3 0

Just typing cause they told me I have to

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What type of membrane proteins are integral proteins that move ions or molecules across plasma membrane?
blsea [12.9K]

Answer:

Channel proteins and Carrier proteins

Explanation:

These are type of membrane proteins that transcend the entire length of  phosphoslipid  bi- layer  in the plasma membrane.They facilitate the movement of ions  and molecules across  the walls of the plasma membranes.

Generally, substances like glucose, amino acids, are too large to pass through the phopholipid bilayers. Likewise ions of  potassium, sodium calcium, because of their polarities can not pass through either. They are ferried across the phospholipid by  group of protein structures called channel proteins. Some are also transported across by carrier  proteins.  The process by which these protein structures  aided the  diffusion of substances across the phospholipid bilayer is called Facilitated diffusion.

Channel proteins are pores, that are filled with water molecules with the entrance  well gated.  That is the entrance  is controlled by part in the inner structure  of the protein  which can open or close the pores  like a gate to control the movement of ions across it. e.g Sodium channels are gated for  movement  of sodium ions by voltage or ligands(chemicals) during  nervous  transmission to elicits action potential. Like wise Potassium channels allow  diffusion of potassium ions across the phospholipid bilayers. it gates are shut when sodium channels are open; this  regulate ion exchange.

Their structures are well fixed in shape , specific  to the substance or ions being  transported;and the rate of diffusion  depends on  the like hood of opening of the gate or closure.

Carrier molecules  also in the membranes  do not have a fixed shape, and their transport  direction is determined by the direction of concentration gradients. Thus they can flip on either sides of the membranes to aid diffusion across. Their movement can  be both passive and active, and the rates  of diffusion depends on the number of available carrier proteins in the membrane. They are also specific to the ions they transport.And are not gated,

Therefore these two membrane integral  proteins  facilitate movements of substances across the phospholipild bilayers

8 0
3 years ago
The fetal shortcut from the right atrium to the left atrium is the
Anarel [89]
The answer is called the foramen ovale. Hope this helps.
8 0
3 years ago
3. Jill is blood Type O. She has two older brothers with blood types A & B. What are the genotypes of
Alborosie

Answer:

AB & O

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which types of cells contain two copies of each chromosome?
ehidna [41]

Answer:

cells in the germ linelineline

Explanation:

which go on to provide gametes, or egg and sperm cells.

5 0
2 years ago
Explain the phenomenon of photorespiration, including why it is thought to occur (evolutionarily speaking), and why plants have
liubo4ka [24]

Photorespiration limits casualty products of light reactions that build up in the absence of the Calvin cycle. In many plants, photorespiration is a problem because on a hot, dry day it can drain as much as 50% of the carbon fixed by the Calvin cycle.  The closing of stomata reduces access to CO2 and causes O2 to build up. These conditions favor a seemingly not useful process called photorespiration.  In most plants (C3 plants), initial fixation of CO2, via rubisco, forms a three-carbon compound.  In photorespiration, rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2 in the Calvin cycle. Photorespiration eats up O2 and organic fuel and releases CO2 without producing ATP or sugar. Photorespiration can evolve relic because rubisco first evolved at a time when the atmosphere had far less O2 and more CO2. 

4 0
3 years ago
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