Answer:
1. law of Independent Assortment; metaphase I; independent of.
2. law of Segregation; meiosis I; in separate gametes.
Explanation:
Between 1856 and 1863, Gregor Mendel developed a series of mating experiments using pea plants, which enabled the discovery of some basic principles of inheritance. These principles/laws are stated as:
1) Law of segregation: this principle states that the inheritance pattern of phenotypic traits is characterized by the presence of a gene pair and each gamete carries only one allele for each gene pair so offspring inherit one gene variant (allele) from each parent
2) Law of independent assortment: this principle states that the genes responsible for the inheritance pattern of different traits are independently sorted from one another and thereby different traits are independent one from another.
3) Law of dominance: this principle states that the dominant allele will always be expressed in heterozygous individuals (this law is only applicable in cases of complete dominance).
Bottleneck is the term used to define chance changes in the frequency of alleles which have a significant effect on small populations. The effect is that the population is greatly reduced because of the change in the allele frequency. A genetic drift will follow which will expedite evolution.
The answer is condensation and evaporation.
Ozone is produced naturally in the stratosphere. But this "good" ozone is gradually being destroyed by man-made chemicals referred to as ozone-depleting substances (ODS), including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), halons, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform. These substances were formerly used and sometimes still are used in coolants, foaming agents, fire extinguishers, solvents, pesticides, and aerosol propellants. Once released into the air these ozone-depleting substances degrade very slowly. In fact, they can remain intact for years as they move through the troposphere until they reach the stratosphere. There they are broken down by the intensity of the sun's UV rays and release chlorine and bromine molecules, which destroy the "good" ozone. Scientists estimate that one chlorine atom can destroy 100,000 "good" ozone molecules.
